discuss briefly below. These are not monsters of chaos like Tiamat or as they appear in other stories from this period in the ancient Near East. The writer of Genesis 1 has turned the Babylonian version on its head. God does not fight active enemies as Marduk does but shapes and molds natural elements to produce an ordered cosmos. The Hebrew writer has deliberately told a creation story that asserts that the Hebrew God, YHWH, is sovereign over the gods of Babylonian mythology, which here become no
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